History of Modern Search Technology - 1945 to Google

I recently updated my article about search engine history.

Any and all feedback is appreciated.

Blog Marketing 101: Circlejerks for All!

The best way to promote a new blog is to track conversations, interject your opinions, and to talk about others when it makes sense to. The WSJ published an article titled How to Get Attention In a New-Media World [Sub Req], in which a blogger stated:

"Our best PR," Ms. Dunlap says, "comes from people who are mentioned or featured on our site and forward the link to their friends."

Of course, it is hard to build up enough authority to do well if you start off with non controvercial fan blogs. You have to have a great writing style or a certain amount of credibility built up before people want to share your mentions as being newsworthy. You need to build brand loyalty one visitor at a time starting from day 1.

Short term you can get exposure quickly by creating controversies (see Valleywag) or being the consumate contrarian (see Nicholas Carr). But, if you want to do well longterm it is important to create a platform for showcasing the value of others and their ideas, like Paris does.

One of the things I wrote in my ebook was something like "If you make other people feel important they will do your marketing for you." (yes I know it is shitty to quote myself)

But the large theme of most successful and profitable sites is that there has to be some associated social element...some way for the site to make the consumer feel special. An insider's club circle jerk, if you will. People like to feel like they are in the in crowd and that they are important. That is why you see low level information being so popular so often on the social sites...people can quickly consume, understand, and identify with it.

The web, at least as a social marketing medium, is less about doing deep research and more about creating something that can quickly evoke emotional reactions or help people reinforce their worldviews, identities, and sense of purpose.

Andy Hagans on Quality Content?

Andy Hagans is advocating quality content AND advocating it within a quality content post.

What is the world coming too? Somebody check the phase of the moon!

Old Gold

If you write hundreds and hundreds of pages about a topic odds are that eventually one of them is going to rank, get some decent self reinforcing links, and then keep ranking. This is especially true if you are writing about a modern technology or a field that is rapidly changing. One of the reasons exposure on sites like Digg and Del.icio.us is so valuable is that it earns you unrequested secondary and tertiary (and fortuary, hey wait, is that a word) organic citations. Some underfunded mainstream media sites just link to whatever ends up on sites like Del.icio.us that day, then other people find those channels and link to you from there as well. It is equally cool and lame, but perhaps a bit more cool if you are on the receiving end of the linkstream.

Longterm the key to doing well on the web is to do things that are strong enough that they build unrequested links.

So what if you are already ranking #1 for a keyword on an old page? Is it ever worth editing it?

I have a page which got about a half dozen unrequested .edu links back in 2004. The page was probably of average quality, but easy to cite, because it looked comprehensive. As time passed I added a bit of info to the page here and there but did not go through to format and edit it...those changes, coupled with rapid changes in that field meant that the page went from average to below average quickly.

It still ranked #1, but that page has not got a single .edu citation since 2004. What if I would have made that page far better? Have I been throwing away a .edu link a week for the last year and a half? Likely. And it gets worse too, because as that page would have got cited it would have lead to secondary and tertiary (and fortuary, hey wait, is that a word) organic citations from people who were passionate about that topic.

And had that site gained another 50 or 100 .edu links it would have doubled or tripled the value of that site. The authority from that one page would have carried that site.

Now I am not a fan of going through and editing everything over and over again, but if you have a couple core pages which capture powerful ideas it is worth it to make those as good as they can be. And if you already rank, then you are just leaving links on the table if those pages are average. Clean them up a bit and get the love you deserve, you obviously deserve it if you are already ranking :)

Some marketing is push. Other marketing is pull. What makes SEO great, is that when you figure out what ideas to target your pull marketing is self reinforcing while others are pushing pushing pushing and never able to catch up.

Digging for Links

When you are doing SEO you want titles that are rather directly informative...you need to be descriptive. But that is not how you promote a linkbait.

Too much sensationalism causes you to lose credibility, but if you are starting with none then you might not have much to lose by testing different things. Take this post, for example. Let's analyze it.

  • The person who wrote the story about Google submitted it to the Apple category.

  • The post is half-assed research, passes opinion as fact, and is completely wrong in it's conclusions, but
  • The post is titled Google's dirty little secret

Thus despite multiple layers of ineptness it is passed off as good information based on the title alone. It made the Digg homepage. A good linkbait starts with a good title.

Need help with your headlines? Go get some magnetic headline love.

Another tip is that for the amount of effort you need to put into making a piece of information, you are typically going to get much more out of it by making it biased than by aiming for vanilla. Your bias is what people subscribe to, want to believe in, or want to discredit.

For example: I think Iraq for Sale is a film every American should see, largely because those who allegedly support a free market system think that the uncontested multi-billion dollar government contracts full of fraud sent to scumbag corporations are an acceptible business practice. And they only get away with it because people argue on the rhetorical or idealistic levels instead of talking about what is actually happening, and the media is generally not honest enough to report some of the news themselves...they are too tied to profit to allow themselves to.

I bet someone comments about that last paragraph ;) Also notice how I lined out I think. If you want to be controvercial an added way to do it is to present opinion as fact, but be forewarned that if you go to far with that it makes you an easier lawsuit target. But if you plan it out correctly lawsuits can go right into the marketing budget. With some stuff it almost seems like that is how Google does it :)

Linkbaiting is all about emotional reaction or being memorable...that is what leads to comments and citations.

So how else do you make your story comment worthy or citation worthy? You build up a following over time. Those who read your site may Digg, Netscape, or Del.icio.us your posts.

How else do you do it? Have an instant messenger list a mile long, and email. Beg your friends. Time your post, bookmark your site, and then light up contacts via email and instant messenger.

There is not a lot to the linkbait formula

  • time your post for a launch when your friends will be around, use a catch title, Digg your own post

  • be really biases, or format your information so that it LOOKS fairly comprehensive
  • beg friends
  • make it easy to bookmark your page by placing the following type of code on your site

{ Post to del.icio.us | Post to Reddit }

Note: if I was trying to get this page to Digg's homepage I probably would have used something like Digg is Too Easy to Game: Here's How as my page title.

Making Work a Game

In Human Computation Luis von Ahn talks about how the Google Image labeler turns work into a game, and how you can enhance that information further by using a game like Peakaboom.

How many cool things will people do on the web for arbitrary points? And are the points actually arbitrary if they make people happy :)

Hello... Link You Very Much

Do you believe something more or less because you found it while doing backlink research.

When someone gives you an unsolicited link does it make your more or less likely to trust them? How does it change your perception of the content you read or the person who wrote it?

Two Pages = Double Listing Love

If you want to make a site that looks legitimate and is well structured you probably only want to have one main page for each topic, with sub pages working to further expose sub-topics. But what do you do if you are tracking your results and are making a thousand a month or more from a single page? Some algorithms are somewhat literal in nature, while others are more elegant and look for more natural writing. I am still trying to tweak a page in to rank for all varieties of it's core main phrase in Google, but in the course of tweaking it in to match Google (by making it more elegant and less literal) that page does not score as being as relevant as it once was in Microsoft.

The ideal solution would be to just keep getting authoritative links until that page was viewed as the ultimately authoritative topical resource by all major engines, but unless you have real topical authority and high quality content it is going to be hard to get legitimate citations on the conversion oriented page. And getting it low quality link spam is not going to be the most cost efficient method if I care about the long-term health of the site. In fact, without trying to get any spammy links the page picked up hundreds of them just by ranking well.

What is another solution? Use the main page with the most link equity to target Google since they have the largest search market share, but also consider creating a second page on the topic which is more literal in nature. The second page can be about the history of the topic, background information, future of the topic, how that topic fits a location or a minority, saving money with topic, do it yourself with topic, or frequently asked questions related to the topic.

After making the first page less literal and creating the second page that was exceptionally literal I checked back on the rankings of both pages for some of the core keywords. For many of the phrases those pages targeted I scored a double listing in both MSN and Google.

As search engines change their relevancy scoring algorithms they may not only change weather they match deeper or shallower pages, but they may also change what they are willing to rank based on how literally it matches the query.

Another way to look at this phenomena is that if you are working from a new untrusted domain and are trying to create the backfill catalog of content for your site, it may make sense to make some of the early writing more literal in nature since it will be easy to rank well in MSN for it. As you learn more about your topic, get a bit of a following, and have some topical authority it may make sense to go back over some of your most important content areas and create new pages which are less literal in nature.

Digg is for Dweebs: Free Link Bait Ideas

In comments from the last post some people were curious of how they could make link bait if they were not in the tech / marketing / SEO industries. My theory is that every industry (and every brand worth creating or selling) has related stories that people would be interested in sharing. If people do not talk about you then you probably do not have much of a brand.

Everything can be made more interesting by taking a story to the edge or by creating the idea centered around filling the desires of the audience rather than being created around selling something. Most information thin product database type sites fail because they are nothing more than a pool of duplicated compacted information with nothing interesting or remarkable about them. Where can I find link bait?
Look at

Every day they need content. Something new fills their sites every day. Also search their archives for keywords related to your field or other things you are interested in.

In the same way those sites need content daily there are also going to be millions of bloggers looking for something to link to. You can't please everyone, but if you get a half dozen organic links a day it doesn't take long to start building up some serious authority.

Nerd Bias?
Before anyone gives me any crap for pigeonholing nerds, please note that I am a proud nerd and am speaking for myself whenever I use the word nerd.

If it seems that many of the above listed sites have a tech or nerd bias then they probably do. But realistically nerds are nerds because they fall into some of the following groups

  • interested in technology or building things more than in filling some role society deems for them

  • outliers that establish their own value systems
  • are often passionately interested in things that are out of the ordinary

The Goal of Link Bait
Find a way to make your topic relate to needs of nerds or a large group of society that frequently expresses their opinion online. It doesn't have to direct match fitting your product, just roughly match fitting your topic such that it looks legitimate. The goal of link bait is to bilk $1,000's of link authority at a low price. If the link bait is perfectly on topic and you get mindshare / readers / sales that rocks even better.

With most link bait you are not trying to gain topical expert links...more likely citations from people with a mild interest in the topic (and how you related it to their nerdy interests). Selling link bait to subject matter experts means you have to invest far more into creating a high quality piece of content. It is still doable, of course, but you just have to either focus more on the interests and biases of a particular individual or really know what is likely to be talked about in your field.

Link Bait is Easy to Reproduce, if You Are Creative
I could create a link bait tomorrow and virtually guarantee it gets listed on Digg's homepage, but it still wouldn't mean that anyone who reads it would get everything about the anatomy of a link bait. That is sorta what many of my recent posts have been about though, if you read through them...trying to discuss link bait from a few different angles.

Link bait ideas typically take less than a minute to think up, but much longer to implement. These following topics were requested in comments, and I spent less than 10 minutes total coming up with these examples.

Q: How about Alternative energy?

Link bait examples:

  • How much global warming are you responsible for? - (maybe create a calculator, allow people to compare themselves to average people in their own country or other country)

  • Bush argues global warming is good for seals (thin ice starves polar bears)? - political
  • The world's first human powered car? - could be fake, etc. as long as it was funny. It could be real if you were ambitious enough.

Q: or Organic gardening

Link bait examples:

  • What is in a McDonalds French Fry that you wouldn't find in a real potato?

  • How many pesticides did you eat today? (again calculator type deal where they entered their food and you tell them which ones and noted potential side effects)
  • What are the differences between rBGH and Agent Orange?

Q: or SEO

There are literally hundreds or thousands of these. From my site the 101 ways to build links or SEO for Firefox are both pretty solid examples. Just yesterday Brian Clark wrote this link post, which made it to the top of the Del.icio.us popular list.

If people do not want to discuss SEO then don't try to force it. Give the idea another name or cobrand it off of another brand / frame of reference. If you talk about search, Google, or helping bloggers rank instead of just talking about SEO it is much easier for the idea to spread.

Friday Freebie:
Can't think of a link bait idea for your topic? Tell me your topic in the comments of this post and I (or a hip SeoBook.com reader like Brian Clark) will reply with one or two ideas. The ideas may not go anywhere, but if they do you got more than your money's worth ;)

Also check out Brian's headline tips when thinking of how to write your headline.

Related posts:

  • 101 Ways to Build Link Popularity in 2006 & SEO for Firefox - example linkbaits from this site
  • the ROI on link bait - Andy Hagans explains how effective our link bait was and pitches his services
  • Research, Scraps, Ordered Lists, & Social Structures - here I talk about how people are starved for attention and why ordered lists are an efficient means of creating linkable content
  • Content Publishing, Controlling Costs, Scaling Profits & Link Bait: Being Small & Competing With Big Fish - here I talk about segregating content quality...intentionally publishing more expensive link bait from time to time while keeping content costs low for the bulk of your content
  • Why There Are No Tweakers

    Seth Godin recently asked why it was so hard to find tweakers.

    The first problem is that name. It is not descriptive and it sounds belittling in nature. But there are other problems as well. I have found that people generally have to pay or overpay to take you seriously. You can give away general advice all day long, but to take the time to do specific in depth analysis and get them to test implementing the actions you are going to have to make them pay. And pay big! Go with a low price and get no respect. It reminds me of a friend who was giving me shit recently when I asked him if he thought it would be worth it for me to go to school. He said "not trying to be a prick here, but objectively looking at it, how can you respect a business professor who is twice your age and works for 1/3 your wage? What can they teach you about business that you can't learn on your own if you are already ahead of them?"

    I might classify, in some ways, as a tweaker, but since there is no domain expertise associated with that general word then why should I brand myself as that? Most times when people do an SEO consultation with me I talk SEO and information architecture. I also tell many clients about how their design does not inspire credibility, they are not effectively using their content to guide the user to the desired action, they are selecting the wrong defaults, their copy could be better, etc etc etc.

    If one works on such a wide array of topics it is hard to build up the topical support you would if you worked primarily in one community, and discussed other topics in a framework of how they relate to your domain using the language of your community (Jakob Nielsen is great at that). You have to be known and branded as an expert at something to be trusted enough for your opinion to count on other things.

    Why don't I call myself a tweaker? There is no money in it.

    The true tweakers (who should be trusted) realize their value and just tweak their own sites or work as affiliates such that they can get paid for the value they create. It is nice to have a few friends like that on your IM list, but I certainly wouldn't hire a tweaker that marketed themselves as such, at least not to work on a successful business.

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